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Directory environments in Puppet

Environments are individual groups of Puppet agents each environment have there own completely different manifests and module-paths. This basically is useful for testing changes to our Puppet code before implementing them on production machines. There are two types of implementation of environments structure in Puppet one if directory based and another is config file based here we will see bit of an insight about directory based. As usual for more information about this you can visit puppetlabs official website. On the master node: Append following details in puppet.conf which is placed under /etc/puppet or /etc/puppetlabs/puppet:     Under [main] section add a variable called confdir with value as /etc/puppet or /etc/puppetlabs/puppet     confdir=/etc/puppet Then add information regarding environments/manifests and modulepath in it.      #environments     environmentpath = $confdir/environments  ...
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Exec in Puppet

Exec is a very useful resource type present in Puppet which is used to executes external commands. Puppet basically runs as a daemon in which it executes every 30 mins. So while writing an exec resource type make sure that the exec resource must be able to run multiple times without causing any harm to the machine i.e. it must be idempotent. Suppose you just want to run a command like reload a service for that what you can do is? exec { "reload httpd": command => "service httpd reload", path => "/usr/local/bin/:/bin/:/sbin/", } Lets break this line by line: exec { "reload httpd": This specifies that the resource type is exec type and has a human readable name as "reload httpd". command => "service httpd reload", This specified which command to execute when puppet is executed. path => "/usr/local/bin/:/bin/:/sbin/", This specifies where the binary service can be found in your mac...
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Puppet agent run

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Puppet agent ==> Sends node's information and its facts to the master node and requests for Catalog [Complied manifests]. Puppet master checks who is this ? if this machine is authorized[Have a signed certificate or not?] to communicate with it and what all stuff do this machine needs. If incase this is the authorized one. Puppet master will gather all the related manifests and compile them to a catalog and then will send that catalog to the agent node. Puppet agent then will download & apply that catalog to get to the desired state and will create a [success/failure] report for the puppet master. Related docs: Puppet master   Puppet agent
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Dry run in Puppet --noop

 Dry run in puppet is a powerful feature given by puppet. This basically is used to test your Puppet manifests on any of the environment without actually making any changes to the machine. To dry-run Puppet, --noop flag needs to be used. Puppet’s ‘noop’ (no-operation) mode shows you what would happen, but actually doesn’t do anything :) This basically helps us for debugging stuff. For instance: [root@puppet manifests]# puppet apply site.pp --noop notice: /Stage[main]/Sudo/File[/etc/sudoers]/content: current_value {md5}e81452ad78198a79772447b1f2b3b614, should be {md5}e2d690ebe349d93efa84146eb854c987 (noop) notice: Class[Sudo]: Would have triggered 'refresh' from 1 events notice: /Stage[main]/Ssh::Service/Service[sshd]/ensure: current_value stopped, should be running (noop) notice: Class[Ssh::Service]: Would have triggered 'refresh' from 1 events notice: Stage[main]: Would have triggered 'refresh' from 2 events notice: Finished catalog run in 2.75 seco...
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